Bow Legs

Overview
Bow legs (genu varum) is when the legs curve outward with knees apart. It is common in toddlers but usually resolves as they grow.

Causes

• Genetic bone development

• Vitamin D deficiency (rickets)

• Uneven growth plates

Risk Factors

• Childhood growth stage

• Nutritional deficiencies

Symptoms

• Outward curve of legs

• Abnormal gait

• Knee or ankle pain

Complications

• Knee osteoarthritis

• Excessive stress on arches

• Hip problems

Diagnosis

• Physical examination

• X-rays

Prevention & Home Care

• Adequate nutrition

• Vitamin D and calcium intake

• Regular physical activity

Management
Management of bow legs includes corrective exercises and physiotherapy to improve leg alignment. Custom-made orthotic insoles provide extra support, reduce strain on knees and arches, and improve posture. Severe or persistent cases may require bracing or surgery.