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Bow Legs

Overview
Bow legs (genu varum) is when the legs curve outward with knees apart. It is common in toddlers but usually resolves as they grow.

Causes

  • Genetic bone development

  • Vitamin D deficiency (rickets)

  • Uneven growth plates

Risk Factors

  • Childhood growth stage

  • Nutritional deficiencies

Symptoms

  • Outward curve of legs

  • Abnormal gait

  • Knee or ankle pain

Complications

  • Knee osteoarthritis

  • Excessive stress on arches

  • Hip problems

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination

  • X-rays

Prevention & Home Care

  • Adequate nutrition

  • Vitamin D and calcium intake

  • Regular physical activity

Management
Management of bow legs includes corrective exercises and physiotherapy to improve leg alignment. Custom-made orthotic insoles provide extra support, reduce strain on knees and arches, and improve posture. Severe or persistent cases may require bracing or surgery.

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